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Browse Acts ↓Every witness in a criminal cause or matter shall be examined upon oath, and the court before which any witness shall appear shall have full power and authority to administer the usual oath.
(1) Whenever a person, appearing either in obedience to a summons or by virtue of a warrant, or being present in court and being verbally required by the court to give evidence— (a) refuses to be sworn; or (b) having been sworn, refuses to answer any question put to him; or (c) refuses or neglects t…
(1) Whenever, in the course of a proceeding under this Code, the High Courtor a magistrate empowered to hold a subordinate court of the first class is satisfied that the examination of a witness is necessary for the ends of justice, and that the attendance of the witness cannot be procured without a…
(1) The parties to a proceeding under this Code in which a commission isissued may respectively forward any interrogatories in writing which the court or magistrate directing the commission may think relevant to the issue, and the magistrate to whom the commission is directed shall examine the witne…
Whenever, in the course of a proceeding under this Code before a magistrate other than a magistrate empowered to hold a subordinate court of the first class, it appears that a commission ought to be issued for the examination of a witness whose evidence is necessary for the ends of justice, and that…
(1) After a commission issued under section 154 or section 156 has been duly executed it shall be returned, together with the deposition of the witness examined thereunder, to the High Court or to the magistrate empowered to hold a subordinate court of the first class (as the case may be), and the c…
In a case in which a commission is issued under section 154 or section 156, the proceedings may be adjourned for a specified time reasonably sufficient for the execution and return of the commission.
Where the only witness to the facts of the case called by the defence is the person charged, he shall be called as a witness immediately after the close of the evidence for the prosecution.
In cases where the right of reply depends upon the question whether evidence has been called for the defence, the fact that the person charged has been called as a witness shall not of itself confer on the prosecution the right of reply: Provided that the Director of Public Prosecutions when appeari…
(1) When in the course of a trial or committal proceedings the court has reason to believe that the accused is of unsound mind and consequently incapable of making his defence, it shall inquire into the fact of unsoundness. (2) If the court is of the opinion that the accused is of unsound mind and c…
(1) If a person detained in a mental hospital or other place of custody undersection 162 or section 280 is found by the medical officer in charge of the mental hospital or place to be capable of making his defence, the medical officer shall forthwith forward a certificate to that effect to the Direc…
Wherever a trial is postponed under section 162 or section 280, the court may at any time, subject to the provisions of section 163, resume trial and require the accused to appear or be brought before the court, whereupon, if the court considers the accused to be still incapable of making his defenc…
(1) Where an act or omission is charged against a person as an offence, and itis given in evidence on the trial of that person for that offence that he was insane so as not to be responsible for his acts or omissions at the time when the act was done or the omission made, then if it appears to the c…
(1) If the accused, though not insane, cannot be made to understand the proceedings— (a) in cases tried by a subordinate court, the court shall proceed to hear the evidence, and, if at the close of the evidence for the prosecution, and, if the defence has been called upon, of any evidence for the de…
(1) The judgment in every trial in a criminal court in the exercise of its original jurisdiction shall be pronounced, or the substance of the judgment shall be explained, in open court either immediately after the termination of the trial or at some subsequent time, of which notice shall be given to…
(1) Every such judgment shall, except as otherwise expressly provided by thisCode, be written by or under the direction of the presiding officer of the court in the language of the court, and shall contain the point or points for determination, the decision thereon and the reasons for the decision,…
On the application of the accused person, a copy of the judgment, or, when he so desires, a translation in his own language, if practicable, shall be given to him without delay.
(1) A judge of the High Court or a magistrate of a subordinate court of the first or second class may order a person convicted before him of an offence to pay to the public or private prosecutor, as the case may be, such reasonable costs as the judge or magistrate may deem fit, in addition to any ot…
(1) Sums allowed for costs awarded under section 171 shall in all cases bespecified in the conviction or order. (2) If the person who has been ordered to pay costs fails so to pay, he shall,in default of distress levied in accordance with section 334 of this Code, be liable to imprisonment in accord…
(1) A court which— (a) on convicting a person of an offence, imposes a fine, or a sentence of which a fine forms part; or (b) on appeal, revision or otherwise, confirms such a sentence, may, when passing judgment, order the whole or any part of the fine recovered to be applied in defraying expenses…
In all cases the court may promote reconciliation and encourage and facilitate the settlement in an amicable way of proceedings for common assault, or for any other offence of a personal or private nature not amounting to felony, and not aggravated in degree, on terms of payment of compensation or o…
Where, upon the apprehension of a person charged with an offence, any property is taken from him, the court before which he is charged may order— (a) that the property or a part thereof be restored to the person who appears to the court to be entitled thereto, and, if he be the person charged, that…
(1) If a person guilty of an offence mentioned in Chapters XXVI to XXXI, both inclusive, of the Penal Code (Cap. 63), in stealing, taking, obtaining, extorting, converting or disposing of, or in knowingly receiving, any property, is prosecuted to conviction by or on behalf of the owner of the proper…
(1) When a person is charged with an offence consisting of several particulars,a combination of some only of which constitutes a complete minor offence, and the combination is proved but the remaining particulars are not proved, he may be convicted of the minor offence although he was not charged wi…
When a person is charged with an offence, he may be convicted of having attempted to commit that offence although he was not charged with the attempt.
(1) When a woman is charged with the murder of her child, being a child under the age of twelve months, and the court is of the opinion that she by a wilful act or omission caused its death but at the time of the act or omission she had not fully recovered from the effect of giving birth to that chi…
When a person is charged with manslaughter in connexion with the driving of a motor vehicle by him and the court is of the opinion that he is not guilty of that offence, but that he is guilty of an offence under section 46 of the Traffic Act (Cap. 403), he may be convicted of that offence although h…
Where a person is charged with an offence under paragraph (a) of section 61 of the Penal Code (Cap. 63), and the court is of the opinion that he is not guilty of that offence but is guilty of another offence under the same paragraph, he may be convicted of that other offence although he was not char…
Where a person is charged with rape and the court is of the opinion that he is not guilty of that offence but that he is guilty of an offence under one of the sections of the Sexual Offences Act, he may be convicted of that offence although he was not charged with it.
(b) With offences under the Sexual Offences Act;