Order 15, rule 1 of Civil Procedure Rules : Framing of issues

The court may frame the issues from all or any of the following materials— (a) allegations made on oath by the parties, or by any persons present on their behalf, or made by the advocates of such...

At any time before the trial conference under Order 11 the parties may obtain, on application to the court or to such officer as it appoints in this behalf, summonses to persons whose attendance is...

(1) The party applying for a summons shall, before the summons is granted and within a period to be fixed, pay into court such sum of money as appears to the court to be sufficient to defray the...

The sum so paid into court shall be tendered to the person summoned at the time of serving the summons, if it can be served personally; or if the court so directs the person summoned may be notified...

(1) Where it appears to the court or to such officer as it appoints in this behalf that the sum so paid into court is not sufficient to cover such expenses or reasonable remuneration, the court may...

Every summons for the attendance of a person to give evidence or to produce a document shall specify the time and place at which he is required to attend, and whether his attendance is required for...

Any person may be summoned to produce a document without being summoned to give evidence; and any person summoned merely to produce a document shall be deemed to have complied with the summons if he...

Any person present in court may be required by the court to give evidence or to produce any document there and then in his possession or power

Every summons under this Order shall be served as nearly as may be in the same manner as a summons to a defendant, and the rules in Order 5 as to proof of service shall apply in the case of all...

(1) Service shall in all cases be made within sufficient time before the time specified in the summons for the attendance of the person summoned to allow him a reasonable time for preparation and for...

(1) Where a person to whom a summons has been issued, either to attend to give evidence or to produce a document, fails to attend or to produce the document in compliance with such summons, the court...

Where, at any time after the attachment of his property, such person appears and satisfies the court— (a) that he did not, without lawful excuse, fail to comply with the summons or intentionally...

The court may, where such person does not appear, or appears but fails so to satisfy the court, impose upon him such fine as it thinks fit, having regard to his condition in life and all the...

The provisions with regard to the attachment and sale of property in the execution of a decree shall, so far as they are applicable, be deemed to apply to any attachment and sale under this Order as...

Whoever is summoned to appear and give evidence in a suit shall attend at the time and place named in the summons for that purpose, and whoever is summoned to produce a document shall either attend to...

(1) A person so summoned and attending shall, unless the court otherwise directs, attend at each hearing until the suit has been disposed of. (2) The court may upon the oral application of either...

The provisions of rules 10 to 13 shall, so far as they are applicable, be deemed to apply to any person, who having attended in compliance with a summons, departs without lawful excuse in...

Where any person arrested under a warrant is brought before the court in custody, and cannot, owing to the absence of the parties or any of them, give the evidence or produce the document which he has...

Where any party to a suit present in court refuses, without lawful excuse, when required by the court, to give evidence or produce any document there and then in his possession or power, the court may...

Where any party to a suit is required to give evidence, or to produce a document, the provisions as to witnesses shall apply to him so far as they are applicable.

(1) Once the suit is set down for hearing, it shall not be adjourned unless a party applying for adjournment satisfies the court that it is just to grant the adjournment. (2) When the court grants...

(1) In any suit in which no application has been made or step taken by either party for one year, the court may give notice in writing to the parties to show cause why the suit should not be...

Where, on any day to which the hearing of the suit is adjourned, the parties or any of them fail to appear, the court may proceed to dispose of the suit in one of the modes directed in that behalf by...

Where any party to a suit to whom time has been granted fails to produce his evidence, or to cause the attendance of his witnesses, or to perform any other act necessary to the further progress of the...

The plaintiff shall have the right to begin unless the court otherwise orders.

Unless the court otherwise orders— (1) On the day fixed for the hearing of the suit, or on any other day to which the hearing is adjourned, the party having the right to begin shall state his case...

The evidence of the witnesses in attendance shall be taken orally in open court in the presence of and under the personal direction and superintendence of the judge

The evidence of each witness shall be taken down in writing by or in the presence and under the personal direction and superintendence of the judge, not ordinarily in the form of question and answer...

The court may, of its own motion or on the application of any party or his advocate, take down any particular question and answer, or any objection to any question, if there appears to be any special...

Where any question put to a witness is objected to by a party or his advocate, and the court allows the same to be put, the judge shall take down the question, the answer, the objection, and the name...

The court may record such remarks as it thinks material respecting the demeanour of any witness while under examination.

(1) Where a judge is prevented by death, transfer, or other cause from concluding the trial of a suit or the hearing of any application, his successor may deal with any evidence taken down under the...

(1) Where a witness is about to leave the jurisdiction of the court, or other sufficient cause is shown to the satisfaction of the court why his evidence should be taken immediately, the court may,...

The court may at any stage of the suit recall any witness who has been examined, and may, subject to the law of evidence for the time being in force; put such questions to him as the court thinks fit....

The court may at any stage of a suit inspect any property or thing concerning which any question may arise.

Any court may at any time for sufficient reason order that any particular fact or facts may be proved by affidavit, or that the affidavit of any witness may be read at the hearing, on such conditions...

(1) Upon any application, evidence may be given by affidavit, but the court may, at the instance of either party, order the attendance for cross-examination of the deponent. (2) Such attendance...

(1) Affidavits shall be confined to such facts as the deponent is able of his own knowledge to prove: Provided that in interlocutory proceedings, or by leave of the court, an affidavit may contain...

Every affidavit shall state the description, true place of abode and postal address of the deponent, and if the deponent is a minor shall state his age.

Every affidavit shall be drawn in the first person and divided into paragraphs numbered consecutively which shall be confined as nearly as may be to a distinct portion of the subject.

The court may order to be struck out from any affidavit any matter which is scandalous, irrelevant or oppressive.

The court may receive any affidavit sworn for the purpose of being used in any suit notwithstanding any defect by misdescription of the parties or otherwise in the title or other irregularity in the...

Unless otherwise directed by the court an affidavit shall not be rejected solely because it was sworn before the filing of the suit concerned.

Applications under this Order may by chamber summons or orally in court.

Where a plaint prays for an account, or where the relief sought or the plaint involves the taking of an account, if the defendant either fails to appear or does not after appearance by affidavit or...

A defendant to an action commenced by plaint, and who has filed a counterclaim which includes a claim for an account or a claim which necessarily involves taking an account, on— (a) the plaintiff;...

An application for such order as is mentioned in rule 1 and 2 shall be made by chamber summons and be supported by an affidavit when necessary, filed on behalf of the plaintiff stating concisely the...

On hearing of the application, the court may, unless satisfied that there is some preliminary question to be tried, order that an account be taken and may also order that any amount certified on...

In suits where a hearing is necessary, the court, after the case has been heard, shall pronounce judgment in open court, either at once or within sixty days from the conclusion of the trial notice of...

(1) A judge may pronounce a judgment written and signed but not pronounced by his predecessor. (2) A judge of the High Court may pronounce a judgment written and signed but not pronounced by another...