Proof of special knowledge in civil proceedings
In civil proceedings, when any fact is especially within the knowledge of any party to those proceedings, the burden of proving or…
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In civil proceedings, when any fact is especially within the knowledge of any party to those proceedings, the burden of proving or…
(1) When a person is accused of any offence, the burden of proving the existence of circumstances bringing the case within any exc…
The burden of proving any fact necessary to be proved in order to enable any person to give evidence of any other fact is on the p…
The burden of proof as to any particular fact lies on the person who wishes the court to believe in its existence, unless it is pr…
The burden of proof in a suit or proceeding lies on that person who would fail if no evidence at all were given on either side.
(1) Whoever desires any court to give judgment as to any legal right or liability dependent on the existence of facts which he ass…
A court may presume that an electronic message forwarded by the originator through an electronic mail server to the addressee to w…
A court shall presume, unless the contrary is proved, that the information listed in an electronic signature certificate is correc…
(1) In any proceedings involving a secure electronic record, the court shall presume, unless the contrary is proved, that the secu…
A court shall presume that every electronic record purporting to be an agreement containing the electronic signatures of the parti…
A court shall take recognizance of every electronic record purporting to be the official Gazette, or purporting to be electronic r…
In order to ascertain whether an electronic signature is that of a person by whom it purports to have been affixed, the court may…
Except in the case of a secure signature, if the electronic signature of any subscriber is alleged to have been affixed to an elec…
(1) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, any information contained in an electronic record which is printed on paper, s…
The contents of electronic records may be proved in accordance with the provisions of section 106B.
Nothing in this Part shall affect the law relating to the interpretation and construction of wills or other testamentary dispositi…
Persons who are not parties to a document, or their representatives in interest, may give evidence of any facts tending to show a…
Evidence may be given to show the meaning of illegible or not commonly intelligible characters, of foreign, obsolete, technical, l…
When the language used in a document applies partly to one set of existing facts, and partly to another, but the whole of it does…
When the facts are such that the language used in a document might have been meant to apply to any one, and could not have been me…
When language used in a document is plain, but is unmeaning in reference to existing facts, evidence may be given to show that it…
When language used in a document is plain, and it applies accurately to existing facts, evidence may not be given to show that it…
When the language used in a document is on the face of it ambiguous or defective, evidence may not be given of facts which would s…
When the terms of any contract or grant or other disposition of property, or any matter required by law to be reduced to the form…